IT contracts are the legal infrastructure that every technology business depends on — yet they receive a fraction of the attention that product development, hiring, and fundraising attract. A poorly structured software development agreement can transfer intellectual property to a client without the founder realising it. A T&M contract without a clear change order process can lead to unbounded scope and unpaid work. An EULA that does not limit liability effectively can expose a SaaS company to damages that exceed its annual revenue.
Tech startup legal agreements are especially high-stakes because the mistakes made in a company’s first contracts tend to compound: they establish precedents, they get copied into subsequent agreements, and they can surface as deal-killers during due diligence when the startup eventually raises a significant round or goes through an acquisition. Getting contract fundamentals right from the beginning — with the help of lawyers who specialise in technology business models — is one of the highest-leverage legal investments a tech founder can make.
Lawyer / Firm Comparison
| Firm | Since | HQ | IT Specialisation | Startup Focus | Key Strength |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Axon Partners | 2009 | Kyiv, Ukraine | High | High | IP + VC + IT contracts combined |
| Tretten Lawyers | 2016 | Kyiv / Bucharest | Exclusive | High | IT-only, senior team, EU reach |
| Gunderson Dettmer | 1994 | Redwood City, USA | High | High | Silicon Valley startup law |
| Cooley LLP | 1920 | San Francisco, USA | High | High | Global tech & VC transactions |
| Bird & Bird | 1846 | London, UK | High | Medium | International IT & TMT law |
| Fieldfisher | 1881 | London, UK | High | Medium | Technology contracts, GDPR, IP |
1. Axon Partners

Axon Partners provides IT contract drafting services for technology companies with a particular focus on the intersection of contractual and intellectual property concerns — an area where general commercial lawyers consistently underperform. Founded in Kyiv, the firm understands that for a software product company, the IP provisions in every contract are as commercially significant as the payment terms, and they approach contract drafting with this understanding built in from the first draft.
| Location | Kyiv, Ukraine |
| Founded | 2009 |
| IT Focus | IT contracts, IP, venture capital, M&A |
| Startup Focus | High — experienced with pre-seed through Series B technology companies |
| Key Strength | IP-protective contract drafting + VC transaction experience |
Axon Partners’ combined expertise in venture capital transactions and technology contracts means their startup clients receive contracts designed not just for the current engagement but for the future scrutiny of investors and acquirers. A software development agreement that passes investor due diligence cleanly is structurally different from one that merely satisfies the immediate commercial requirements — and Axon’s team drafts with both considerations in mind.
2. Tretten Lawyers

IT contract lawyers who work exclusively in technology
Every IT contract lawyer at Tretten Lawyers works exclusively with technology companies — no other industry, no other contract type. This exclusive focus produces a depth of pattern recognition in technology contract negotiations that general commercial lawyers simply cannot develop: the team has seen hundreds of variations of the same clauses, knows which provisions clients routinely push back on, and understands which concessions matter commercially versus which are merely cosmetic.
| Location | Kyiv, Ukraine + Bucharest, Romania (since 2024) |
| Founded | Brand 2020, 8+ years IT legal practice |
| Team | Senior attorneys and lawyers, 10+ years practice each |
| Founder | Maksym Nosarev — IT lawyer, columnist Forbes Ukraine, 20+ years in law |
| Contract Types | T&M, Fixed Price, Dedicated Team, EULA, SLA, NDA, gig agreements |
| EU Reach | Romania office for IT companies entering the EU market |
Tretten Lawyers delivers legal IT contract drafting services that go beyond document production — their team actively advises on commercial structure, identifies risk allocation mismatches between what the contract says and how the engagement will actually run, and helps founders understand the practical implications of the clauses they are agreeing to. This advisory layer is what distinguishes technology-specialist legal counsel from document-generation services.
For tech startups and scale-ups that need contract support across both Ukrainian and EU jurisdictions, Tretten Lawyers’ Romania presence makes them uniquely positioned. Find the full scope of their IT contract lawyers practice at Tretten Lawyers.
3. Gunderson Dettmer

Gunderson Dettmer is a Silicon Valley law firm that has advised more venture-backed technology companies than any other firm in the United States. Their technology contract practice — including cross-border IT service contracts for US-headquartered technology companies working with international development teams — reflects decades of experience with the specific risk allocation conventions that have emerged in the global IT services market.
| Location | Redwood City, CA, USA (offices across USA and internationally) |
| Founded | 1994 |
| IT Focus | Venture-backed tech, startup law, technology contracts, IP |
| Key Clients | Hundreds of Y Combinator and major VC-backed technology companies |
For US-incorporated technology startups — including Ukrainian founders with a Delaware C-Corp — Gunderson Dettmer’s familiarity with the standard market terms for US technology contracts, VC investment documents, and startup equity structures makes them a natural choice for companies building within the Silicon Valley funding ecosystem.
4. Cooley LLP

Cooley is one of the world’s most active law firms in cross-border tech deals involving venture capital, M&A, and technology licensing. Their technology transactions practice covers software development agreements, SaaS contracts, technology licensing, and the full range of commercial agreements that growth-stage technology companies require, with particular depth in the structuring of complex IP-heavy commercial relationships.
| Location | San Francisco, CA + offices globally |
| Founded | 1920 |
| IT Focus | Tech transactions, VC, IP, M&A, international tech contracts |
| Key Clients | Stripe, Zoom, Snowflake, hundreds of technology companies |
Cooley’s global presence is particularly valuable for technology scale-ups that are simultaneously managing customer contracts in multiple jurisdictions, working with investors across markets, and potentially negotiating partnership or acquisition discussions. Their ability to coordinate legal strategy across US, European, and Asian jurisdictions from a single firm relationship reduces the fragmentation risk that multi-jurisdiction technology businesses otherwise navigate.
5. Bird & Bird

Bird & Bird is one of Europe’s most deeply technology-focused international law firms, with a practice specifically built around IT legal agreements, intellectual property, data protection, and digital regulation for technology businesses. Founded in London in 1846 and now operating across twenty-nine offices globally, the firm’s technology sector focus distinguishes them from general commercial law firms that handle technology work alongside many other industries.
| Location | London, UK + 29 offices globally |
| Founded | 1846 |
| IT Focus | High — dedicated technology & communications practice |
| Key Clients | Adyen, Booking.com, major European technology companies |
Bird & Bird’s technology contracts practice is particularly strong for European-facing technology companies that need contracts aligned with EU regulatory requirements — GDPR data processing terms, digital services regulation compliance, and the IP ownership frameworks that EU member state copyright laws require. For Ukrainian IT companies with significant European client bases, Bird & Bird’s combination of IT contract expertise and European regulatory knowledge is a meaningful differentiator.
6. Fieldfisher

Fieldfisher is a London-based international law firm with a technology practice that is widely regarded for IT contract checking and review services for technology businesses at scale. Their team regularly reviews technology company contract libraries — identifying systemic risk patterns across large volumes of agreements that point-in-time contract reviews miss — and advises on the contractual remediation priorities that matter most for commercial risk exposure.
| Location | London, UK + offices across Europe and Asia |
| Founded | 1881 |
| IT Focus | Technology contracts, GDPR, IP, digital regulation |
| Key Clients | European and international technology companies, financial services |
Fieldfisher’s technology contract practice is particularly well-suited for scale-ups that have grown beyond their initial contract templates and need a systematic review of the agreements governing their most significant client relationships. Their GDPR practice — one of the most active in Europe — ensures that technology contracts address data protection obligations with the specificity that enterprise clients and regulators now require.
What Good IT Contract Practice Looks Like
For IT companies with a Romanian entity — whether for EU market access or tax efficiency — contract drafting services in Romania should follow the same quality standards as contracts in any other jurisdiction, while accounting for Romanian-specific legal requirements: the Civil Code provisions on IT service agreements, Romanian copyright law’s treatment of work-for-hire software development, and the VAT implications of different contract structures for cross-border service delivery.
Legal contract review for IT companies should systematically examine five areas that general commercial lawyers frequently overlook: the precision of IP assignment language and whether it covers all relevant output types; the adequacy of liability limitation provisions against the actual risk profile of the engagement; the alignment between payment terms and project milestone definitions; the enforceability of confidentiality obligations under the governing law; and the completeness of termination provisions — including what happens to in-progress work, deliverables, and data upon termination.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the most important clause in a software development agreement?
For most software development agreements, the intellectual property ownership clause is the highest-stakes provision. Unless the contract explicitly assigns all IP rights in the developed software from the contractor to the client — or retains them for the developer, depending on the commercial model — there is material risk of dispute over who owns what. Many standard contract templates handle this inadequately, using vague language that would not hold up under scrutiny. The governing law also matters significantly: UK, US, Ukrainian, and Romanian law treat software IP ownership somewhat differently in the absence of explicit contractual terms.
How should IT contracts handle scope changes?
Scope changes are the most common source of commercial disputes in IT service contracts. Well-drafted agreements address this through a formal change order process: any change to the agreed scope must be documented in writing, priced, and approved by both parties before work begins. Contracts that allow verbal change approvals or treat scope ambiguously create situations where the client believes additional work was included in the original price and the provider believes it was additional scope — a dispute that is expensive to resolve and preventable with clear contractual language.
Should IT service contracts include limitation of liability clauses?
Yes — and the absence of a liability cap is one of the most significant commercial risks in IT service contracts, particularly for SaaS companies and managed service providers. Without a liability cap, a client could theoretically claim unlimited damages for a service failure. Standard market practice is to cap liability at the fees paid in the preceding twelve months, though enterprise clients often push for higher caps. The enforceability of liability caps varies by jurisdiction and contract type — legal advice on the appropriate cap structure is important rather than copying standard language that may not hold up under the applicable governing law.
Conclusion
The six firms profiled here represent the strongest options for tech startups and scale-ups seeking IT contract legal expertise in 2026 — from the Ukrainian and Romanian IT-specialist practice of Tretten Lawyers and Axon Partners, to the Silicon Valley standard-bearer Gunderson Dettmer, to the European technology law specialists Bird & Bird and Fieldfisher. The right choice depends on the company’s primary jurisdiction, the volume and complexity of the contracts it needs support with, and whether it requires a single firm that can serve both its home market and its international client relationships.
